Moscow, Russian Federation
Iodine is an essential trace element involved in the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Its deficiency may trigger pathologies of various kinds in all age groups. Over the last 20 years, two billion people in the world have been diagnosed with iodine deficiency. In Russia, this number is 14 million. In 1994, the World Health Organization introduced several salt iodization programs, and the global level of iodine deficiency and related diseases went down. However, some countries still experience social inequality in iodized salt intake. Moreover, inorganic forms of iodine get unstable during transportation and cooking. As a result, iodized salt cannot be considered a universal method. This article features new approaches to iodine deficiency prevention, e.g., high-iodine diets. The research objective was to analyze the market of iodized dairy foods, including canned dairy products. The review featured the existing technologies of fortifying whole-milk products and canned or otherwise preserved dairy foods with iodine. Such products have some disadvantages. For instance, production of organic iodine preparations is time-consuming, and the resulting products often lack trace elements that facilitate iodine metabolism, e.g., zinc. In this connection, the functional food industry needs new food additives to iodize dairy products. Partially hydrolyzed whey proteins seem a promising raw material for iodine and zinc immobilization.
iodized dairy products, iodine, zinc, fortification, iodine deficiency
1. Opazo, M. C. The impact of the micronutrient iodine in health and diseases / M. C. Opazo [et al.] // Critical reviews in food science and nutrition. 2022. Vol. 62. № 6. P. 1466–1479. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2020.1843398
2. Bertinato, J. Iodine nutrition: Disorders, monitoring and policies / J. Bertinato // Advances in Food and Nutrition Research. Academic Press, 2021. Vol. 96. P. 365–415. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.afnr.2021.01.004
3. Dedov, I. I. Profilaktika yododeficitnyh zabolevaniy: v fokuse regional'nye celevye programmy / I. I. Dedov, E. A. Troshina, N. M. Platonova [i dr.] // Problemy endokrinologii. 2022. T. 68. № 3. S. 16–20. https://doi.org/10.14341/probl13119
4. Abdulhabirova, F. M. Klinicheskie rekomendacii «Zabolevaniya i sostoyaniya, svyazannye s deficitom yoda» / F. M. Abdulhabirova, O. B. Bezlepkina, D. N. Brovin [i dr.] // Problemy endokrinologii. 2021. T. 67. № 3. S. 10–25. https://doi.org/10.14341/probl12750
5. Troshina, E. A. Ustranenie deficita yoda – zabota o zdorov'e nacii. Ekskurs v istoriyu, nauchnye aspekty i sovremennoe sostoyanie pravovogo regulirovaniya problemy v Rossii / E. A. Troshina // Problemy endokrinologii. 2022. T. 68. № 4. S. 4–12. https://doi.org/10.14341/probl13154
6. Shaaban, E. S. Iodine Deficiency and Anemia Levels of Urban and Rural Egyptian Children; Follow Up Study / E. S. Shaaban [et al.] // Advances in Public Health, Community and Tropical Medicine. 2022. № 6. P. 1–7. http://doi.org/10.37722/APHCTM.2022601
7. Zimmermann, M. B. The remarkable impact of iodisation programmes on global public health / M. B. Zimmermann // Proceedings of the Nutrition Society. 2023. Vol. 82. № 2. P. 113–119. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0029665122002762
8. Vasiljev, V. Overview of Iodine Intake / V. Vasiljev [et al.] // Southeastern European Medical Journal. 2022. Vol. 6, №. 1. P. 12–20. http://doi.org/10.26332/seemedj.v6i1.241
9. Adel'murzina, A. I. Rezul'taty skrininga na vrozhdennyy gipotireoz i tranzitornye formy gipotireoza u novorozhdennyh v usloviyah yododeficitnogo regiona – Respubliki Bashkortostan / A. I. Adel'murzina, V. V. Viktorov, F. S. Bilalov, E. A. Timofeeva // Medicina. Sociologiya. Filosofiya. Prikladnye issledovaniya. 2023. №. 2. S. 9–13.
10. Gerasimov, G. A. Modelirovanie potrebleniya yoda s pischevymi produktami promyshlennogo proizvodstva, izgotovlennymi s yodirovannoy sol'yu, u vzroslogo naseleniya i beremennyh v Armenii i Moldove / G. A. Gerasimov, L. Curkan, G. Aslanyan [i dr.] // Voprosy pitaniya. 2021. T. 90. № 1. S. 49–56. https://doi.org/10.33029/0042-8833-2021-90-1-49-56; https://www.elibrary.ru/sgbqgf
11. Trofimiuk-Müldner, M. Current iodine nutrition status in Poland (2017): is the Polish model of obligatory iodine prophylaxis able to eliminate iodine deficiency in the population? / M. Trofimiuk-Müldner [et al.] // Public Health Nutrition. 2020. Vol. 23. № 14. P. 2467–2477. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1368980020000403
12. Koukkou, E. G. Effect of excess iodine intake on thyroid on human health / E. G. Koukkou, N. D. Roupas, K. B. Markou // Minerva Med. 2017. V. 108. № 2. P. 136–146. https://doi.org/10.23736/S0026-4806.17.04923-0
13. Derevickaya, O. K. Novye standarty na konservy dlya detskogo pitaniya / O. K. Derevickaya, A. S. Dydykin, A. V. Ustinova, M. A. Aslanova // Pischevaya promyshlennost'. 2016. № 1. S. 22–25. https://www.elibrary.ru/vpslxb
14. Turovinina, E. F. Analiz potrebleniya povarennoy pischevoy soli kak faktora riska razvitiya arterial'noy gipertenzii / E. F. Turovinina, E. N. Mel'nikova // Voprosy nauki i obrazovaniya. 2019. T. 46. № 1. S. 16–19. https://www.elibrary.ru/zbmylj
15. Savlukova, Yu. O. Poluchenie funkcional'nogo yogurta, obogaschennogo yodom v biodostupnoy forme / Yu. O. Savlukova, E. G. Kovaleva // Vestnik YuUrGU. Seriya: Pischevye i biotehnologii. 2023. T. 11, № 2. S. 83–92. https://doi.org/10.14529/food230210; https://www.elibrary.ru/hmhnlc
16. Woodside, J. V. Iodine status in UK–An accidental public health triumph gone sour / J. V. Woodside, K. R. Mullan // Clin Endocrinol. 2021. № 94. P. 692–699. https://doi.org/10.1111/cen.14368
17. Biryukova, Z. A. Sohrannost' yoda v moloke pri sterilizacii i hranenii / Z. A. Biryukova, O. G. Panteleeva, E. A. Yurova, A. Ya. Goncharova // Molochnaya promyshlennost'. 2014. № 10. S. 54–56. https://www.elibrary.ru/sujojt
18. Zobkova, Z. S. Vnedrenie i kommercializaciya rezul'tatov nauchno-issledovatel'skih rabot v cel'nomolochnoy otrasli / Z. S. Zobkova // Aktual'nye voprosy molochnoy promyshlennosti, mezhotraslevye tehnologii i sistemy upravleniya kachestvom. 2020. T. 1. № 1. S. 199–204. https://doi.org/10.37442/978-5-6043854-1-8-2020-1-199-204; https://www.elibrary.ru/bnojwn
19. Donskaya, G. A. Alimentarnye sredstva zaschity ot radiacii / G. A. Donskaya, L. G. Krekker, E. V. Kolosova, V. M. Drozhzhin // Vestnik Krasnoyarskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta. 2023. T. 193. № 4. S. 172–179. https://doi.org/10.36718/1819-4036-2023-4-172-179
20. Stepycheva, N. V. Tvorog, obogaschennyy yodkazeinom / N. V. Stepycheva, S. A. Patronova // Molochnaya promyshlennost'. 2020. № 8. S. 52–53. https://doi.org/10.31515/1019-8946-2020-08-52-53; https://www.elibrary.ru/qrmnwc
21. Zobkova, Z. S. Vnedrenie i kommercializaciya rezul'tatov nauchno-issledovatel'skih rabot v cel'nomolochnoy otrasli / Z. S. Zobkova // Aktual'nye voprosy molochnoy promyshlennosti, mezhotraslevye tehnologii i sistemy upravleniya kachestvom. 2020. T. 1. № 1(1). S. 199–204. https://doi.org/10.37442/978-5-6043854-1-8-2020-1-199-204; https://www.elibrary.ru/bnojwn
22. Turovskaya, S. N. Bezopasnost' molochnyh konservov kak integral'nyy kriteriy effektivnosti ih tehnologii. Rossiyskiy opyt / S. N. Turovskaya, A. G. Galstyan, A. N. Petrov [i dr.] // Pischevye sistemy. 2018. T. 1. № 2. S. 29–54. https://doi.org/10.21323/2618-9771-2018-1-2-29-54; https://www.elibrary.ru/xslojf
23. Arias-Borrego, A. Iodine deficiency disturbs the metabolic profile and elemental composition of human breast milk / A. Arias-Borrego, I. Velasco, J. L. Gómez-Ariza, T. García-Barrera // Food Chemistry. 2022. № 371. P. 131329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131329
24. Sirimulla, S. Halogen interactions in protein–ligand complexes: implications of halogen bonding for rational drug design / S. Sirimulla, J. B. Bailey, R. Vegesna, M. Narayan // Journal of chemical information and modeling. 2013. V. 53. № 11. P. 2781–2791. https://doi.org/10.1021/ci400257k
25. Popov, I. A. Opredelenie minimal'nogo cink-svyazyvayuschego centra prirodnyh izoform domena 1-16 beta-amiloida metodom ESI-MS / I. A. Popov, M. I. Indeykina, A. S. Kononihin [i dr.] // Molekulyarnaya biologiya. 2013. T. 47. № 3. S. 498–498. https://doi.org/10.7868/S0026898413020122; https://www.elibrary.ru/qaxkap
26. Ibragimova, Z. R. Poluchenie i aspekty racional'nogo primeneniya yodirovannyh belkov v tehnologii funkcional'nyh produktov pitaniya / Z. R. Ibragimova, E. I. Copanova, D. D. Simeonidi // Tehnologiya i tovarovedenie innovacionnyh pischevyh produktov. 2015. T. 34. № 5. S. 73–77. https://www.elibrary.ru/umqxzn
27. Kruchinin, A. G. Sovremennoe sostoyanie rynka vtorichnyh syr'evyh resursov molochnoy promyshlennosti / A. G. Kruchinin, A. V. Bigaeva, S. N. Turovskaya, E. E. Illarionova // Polzunovskiy vestnik. 2022. № 4. S. 140–149. https://doi.org/10.25712/ASTU.2072-8921.2022.04.018; https://www.elibrary.ru/uhsmmd