<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE article
PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20190208//EN"
       "JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.4" xml:lang="en">
 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Cheese- and buttermaking</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Cheese- and buttermaking</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Сыроделие и маслоделие</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">2073-4018</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">122872</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21603/2073-4018-2026-2-59</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="edn">SBHYKA</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Оригинальная статья</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>Original article</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Оригинальная статья</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Effect of Vacuum Packaging on Proteolysis during Ripening of Washed-Rind Cheeses</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Влияние вакуумной упаковки в пленку на протеолиз при созревании сыров с мытой коркой</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Лепилкина</surname>
       <given-names>Ольга Валентиновна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Lepilkina</surname>
       <given-names>Olga V.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>lepilkina_vniims@mail.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>доктор технических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>doctor of technical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Золотарев</surname>
       <given-names>Евгений Николаевич</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Zolotarev</surname>
       <given-names>Evgeniy N.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4540-5314</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Рогов</surname>
       <given-names>Григорий Новомирович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Rogov</surname>
       <given-names>Grigory N.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>g.rogov@fncps.ru</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Григорьева</surname>
       <given-names>Анастасия Игоревна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Grigorieva</surname>
       <given-names>Anastasia I.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт маслоделия и сыроделия – филиал Федерального научного центра пищевых систем им. В. М. Горбатова</institution>
     <city>Углич</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Buttermaking and Cheesemaking – Branch of V.M.Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems RAS</institution>
     <city>Uglich</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт маслоделия и сыроделия – филиал Федерального научного центра пищевых систем им. В. М. Горбатова РАН</institution>
     <city>Углич</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Butter- and Cheesemaking – Branch of V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of RAS</institution>
     <city>Uglich</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-3">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт маслоделия и сыроделия – филиал Федерального научного центра пищевых систем им. В. М. Горбатова РАН</institution>
     <city>Углич</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Butter- and Cheesemaking – Branch of V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of RAS</institution>
     <city>Uglich</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-4">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт маслоделия и сыроделия – филиал Федерального научного центра пищевых систем им. В. М. Горбатова</institution>
     <city>Углич</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Butter- and Cheesemaking — Branch of V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of RAS</institution>
     <city>Uglich</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-05-08T00:00:00+03:00">
    <day>08</day>
    <month>05</month>
    <year>2026</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-05-08T00:00:00+03:00">
    <day>08</day>
    <month>05</month>
    <year>2026</year>
   </pub-date>
   <issue>2</issue>
   <fpage>74</fpage>
   <lpage>81</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-03-12T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>12</day>
     <month>03</month>
     <year>2026</year>
    </date>
    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-04-07T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>07</day>
     <month>04</month>
     <year>2026</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://cheese.kemsu.ru/en/nauka/article/122872/view">https://cheese.kemsu.ru/en/nauka/article/122872/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Перспективно снижение трудозатрат по уходу за сырами с мытой коркой при созревании путем вакуумной упаковки в полимерные пакеты. Цель работы – установить влияние продолжительности нахождения сыра в пленке во время созревания на протеолитические процессы в сырах, созревающих с участием сырной слизи. В задачи работы входило установление влияния изменения условий созревания на протеолиз и органолептические показатели сыра. Опытные сыры упаковывали в полимерные пакеты после традиционного созревания с сырной слизью на поверхности в течение 1, 2 и 3 мес. Протеолиз контролировали по степени зрелости сыров, выражаемой отношением водорастворимого азота к общему азоту (в %), количеству небелкового азота и его доле в общем водорастворимом азоте, используя для этого метод Кьельдаля, а также по молекулярно-массовому распределению продуктов протеолиза, с применением метода эксклюзионной хроматографии. В сырах, упакованных в пленку после 1–2 мес. созревания по традиционной технологии, выявлено замедление первичного протеолиза. На вторичный протеолиз изменение условий созревания не повлияло. Образцы опытной группы продемонстрировали снижение органолептических показателей вкуса и запаха на 2,0–2,5 балла относительно контроля, что связано с менее выраженным специфическим сырным вкусом и доминированием пептонных нот в ароматическом букете. Несмотря на выявленный дисбаланс, органолептические характеристики опытных сыров сохраняли видовую идентичность и оставались в пределах допустимых значений. Сделан вывод о возможности и целесообразности созревания сыров с мытой коркой в полимерных пакетах на последних стадиях, что существенно снижает трудозатраты по уходу за сыром и позволяет получать сыры стабильного качества.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>Ripening in vacuum polymer bags is a promising approach to reducing labor costs in washed-rind cheese production. This article describes the effect of vacuum packaging timing and other factors on proteolytic processes and the sensory profile of cheeses during ripening. The experimental samples were stored in polymer bags for 1, 2, and 3 months following traditional ripening with surface smear. Proteolysis was monitored by the degree of ripening, expressed as the ratio of water-soluble nitrogen to total nitrogen (%), as well as the amount of non-protein nitrogen and its proportion of total water-soluble nitrogen, determined via the Kjeldahl method. The molecular weight distribution of proteolysis products was measured using size-exclusion chromatography. The conventional film-packaged samples demonstrated a slowdown in primary proteolysis after 1–2 months of ripening, while secondary proteolysis remained unaffected by the change in conditions. The taste and aroma of the experimental samples scored 2.0–2.5 points lower than the control due to a less pronounced cheese flavor and the dominance of peptone notes. Despite this imbalance, the sensory properties of the experimental cheeses retained their specific identity and remained within acceptable limits. Final-stage ripening of washed-rind cheeses in polymer bags proved to be both effective and less labor-intensive.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>сыры с мытой коркой</kwd>
    <kwd>созревание</kwd>
    <kwd>упаковка в пленку</kwd>
    <kwd>протеолиз</kwd>
    <kwd>вкус и запах</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>washed-rind cheese</kwd>
    <kwd>ripening</kwd>
    <kwd>film packaging</kwd>
    <kwd>proteolysis</kwd>
    <kwd>taste and smell</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <funding-group>
    <funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена в рамках выполнения исследований по государственному заданию FGUS-2024-0007 ФГБНУ «ФНЦ пищевых систем им. В. М. Горбатова» РАН.</funding-statement>
    <funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article was prepared as part of research carried out under the state assignment FGUS-2024-0007 by the Federal Research Center for Food Systems named after V. M. Gorbatov of the Russian Academy of Sciences.</funding-statement>
   </funding-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p></p>
 </body>
 <back>
  <ref-list>
   <ref id="B1">
    <label>1.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">МакСуини, П. Л. Сыр. Научные основы и технологии. Том 2. Технологии основных групп сыров / П. Л. МакСуини [др.]. – СПб.: Профессия, 2019. – 572 с.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">MakSuini, P. L. Syr. Nauchnye osnovy i tehnologii. Tom 2. Tehnologii osnovnyh grupp syrov / P. L. MakSuini [dr.]. – SPb.: Professiya, 2019. – 572 s.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B2">
    <label>2.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Desmasures, N. Smear ripened cheeses / N. Desmasures, N. Bora, А. С. Ward // Diversity dynamics and functional role of Actinomycetes on European smear ripened cheeses. Ed. by N. Desmasures, N. Bora, А. С. Ward. – Springer International Publishing, 2015. Р. 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10464-5</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Desmasures, N. Smear ripened cheeses / N. Desmasures, N. Bora, A. S. Ward // Diversity dynamics and functional role of Actinomycetes on European smear ripened cheeses. Ed. by N. Desmasures, N. Bora, A. S. Ward. – Springer International Publishing, 2015. R. 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10464-5</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B3">
    <label>3.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cogan, T. M. Biodiversity of the surface microbial consortia from Limburger, Reblochon, Livarot, Tilsit, and Gubbeen cheeses / Т. М. Cogan [et al.] // Cheese and microbes. Ed. by C. W. Donnelly. – ASM Press, 2014. – Р. 219–250. https://doi.org/10.1128/9781555818593.ch10</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cogan, T. M. Biodiversity of the surface microbial consortia from Limburger, Reblochon, Livarot, Tilsit, and Gubbeen cheeses / T. M. Cogan [et al.] // Cheese and microbes. Ed. by C. W. Donnelly. – ASM Press, 2014. – R. 219–250. https://doi.org/10.1128/9781555818593.ch10</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B4">
    <label>4.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Korena, K. Microbial profiling of smear-ripened cheeses: identification of starter cultures and environmental microbiota / К. Korena [et al.] // Applied Sciences. 2025. Vol. 15(7). Art. no. 3787. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15073787</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Korena, K. Microbial profiling of smear-ripened cheeses: identification of starter cultures and environmental microbiota / K. Korena [et al.] // Applied Sciences. 2025. Vol. 15(7). Art. no. 3787. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15073787</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B5">
    <label>5.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шергина, И. А. Классификация и особенности производства мягких сыров / И. А. Шергина // Сыроделие и маслоделие. 2008. № 4. С. 8–10. https://elibrary.ru/ltwpjd</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shergina, I. A. Klassifikaciya i osobennosti proizvodstva myagkih syrov / I. A. Shergina // Syrodelie i maslodelie. 2008. № 4. S. 8–10. https://elibrary.ru/ltwpjd</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B6">
    <label>6.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шергина, И. А. Сыры, созревающие при участии микрофлоры сырной слизи / И. А. Шергина, Г. Д. Перфильев, В. А. Мордвинова // Сыроделие и маслоделие. 2008. № 2. С. 18–19. https://elibrary.ru/lpxcmb</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shergina, I. A. Syry, sozrevayuschie pri uchastii mikroflory syrnoy slizi / I. A. Shergina, G. D. Perfil'ev, V. A. Mordvinova // Syrodelie i maslodelie. 2008. № 2. S. 18–19. https://elibrary.ru/lpxcmb</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B7">
    <label>7.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Майоров, А. А. Производство мягких сыров / А. А. Майоров, В. М. Силаева // Сыроделие и маслоделие. 2008. № 4. С. 10–14. https://elibrary.ru/ltwpjx</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mayorov, A. A. Proizvodstvo myagkih syrov / A. A. Mayorov, V. M. Silaeva // Syrodelie i maslodelie. 2008. № 4. S. 10–14. https://elibrary.ru/ltwpjx</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B8">
    <label>8.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мордвинова, В. А. Особенности созревания сыров с микрофлорой сырной слизи / В. А. Мордвинова, И. Л. Остроухова, Г. М. Свириденко // Сыроделие и маслоделие. 2018. № 6. С. 26–27. https://elibrary.ru/yzkybf</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mordvinova, V. A. Osobennosti sozrevaniya syrov s mikrofloroy syrnoy slizi / V. A. Mordvinova, I. L. Ostrouhova, G. M. Sviridenko // Syrodelie i maslodelie. 2018. № 6. S. 26–27. https://elibrary.ru/yzkybf</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B9">
    <label>9.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Золотарев, Е. Н. Сыры с мытой коркой. Особенности технологии производства / Е. Н. Золотарев, Г. Н. Рогов // Сыроделие и маслоделие. 2024. № 1. С. 26–33. https://doi.org/10.21603/2073-4018-2024-1-6; https://elibrary.ru/npndej</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zolotarev, E. N. Syry s mytoy korkoy. Osobennosti tehnologii proizvodstva / E. N. Zolotarev, G. N. Rogov // Syrodelie i maslodelie. 2024. № 1. S. 26–33. https://doi.org/10.21603/2073-4018-2024-1-6; https://elibrary.ru/npndej</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B10">
    <label>10.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ritschard, J. S. The microbial diversity on the surface of smearripened cheeses and its impact on cheese quality and safety / J. S. Ritschard, М. Schuppler // Foods. 2024. Vol. 13(2). Art. no. 214.  https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13020214</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ritschard, J. S. The microbial diversity on the surface of smearripened cheeses and its impact on cheese quality and safety / J. S. Ritschard, M. Schuppler // Foods. 2024. Vol. 13(2). Art. no. 214.  https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13020214</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B11">
    <label>11.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ritschard, J. S. High prevalence of Enterobacterales in the smear of surface-ripened cheese with contribution to organoleptic properties / J. S. Ritschard [et al.] // Foods. 2022. Vol. 11(3). Art. no. 361.  https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11030361</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ritschard, J. S. High prevalence of Enterobacterales in the smear of surface-ripened cheese with contribution to organoleptic properties / J. S. Ritschard [et al.] // Foods. 2022. Vol. 11(3). Art. no. 361.  https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11030361</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B12">
    <label>12.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Paillet, T. Dynamics of the viral community on the surface of a French smear-ripened cheese during maturation and persistence across production years / Т. Paillet [et al.] // ASM Journals / mSystems. 2024. Vol. 9(7). Р. 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1128/ msystems.00201-24</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Paillet, T. Dynamics of the viral community on the surface of a French smear-ripened cheese during maturation and persistence across production years / T. Paillet [et al.] // ASM Journals / mSystems. 2024. Vol. 9(7). R. 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1128/ msystems.00201-24</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B13">
    <label>13.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cai, H. Effect of plasmin on casein hydrolysis and textural properties of rennet-induced model cheeses / Н. Cai [et al.] // Food Research International. 2023. Vol. 165. Art. no. 112421. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112421</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cai, H. Effect of plasmin on casein hydrolysis and textural properties of rennet-induced model cheeses / N. Cai [et al.] // Food Research International. 2023. Vol. 165. Art. no. 112421. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112421</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B14">
    <label>14.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fox, P. F. Fundamentals of Cheese Science / P. F. Fox [et al.] // Microbiology of Cheese Ripening. Ed. by P. F. Fox [et al.]. – Springer, 2017. – Р. 333–390. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7681-9</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fox, P. F. Fundamentals of Cheese Science / P. F. Fox [et al.] // Microbiology of Cheese Ripening. Ed. by P. F. Fox [et al.]. – Springer, 2017. – R. 333–390. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7681-9</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B15">
    <label>15.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ganesan, B. Amino acid catabolism and its relationship to cheese flavor outcomes / В. Ganesan, В. С. Weimer // Cheese. Chemistry, Physics and Microbiology. Ed. by aul L. H. McSweeney [et al.]. – Academic Press, 2017. – Р. 483–516. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-417012-4.00019-3</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ganesan, B. Amino acid catabolism and its relationship to cheese flavor outcomes / V. Ganesan, V. S. Weimer // Cheese. Chemistry, Physics and Microbiology. Ed. by aul L. H. McSweeney [et al.]. – Academic Press, 2017. – R. 483–516. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-417012-4.00019-3</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B16">
    <label>16.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Khattab, A. R. Cheese ripening: A review on modern technologies towards flavor enhancement, process acceleration and improved quality assessment / A. R. Khattab [et al.] // Trends in Food Science and Technology. 2019. Vol. 88. Р. 343–360. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2019.03.009</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khattab, A. R. Cheese ripening: A review on modern technologies towards flavor enhancement, process acceleration and improved quality assessment / A. R. Khattab [et al.] // Trends in Food Science and Technology. 2019. Vol. 88. R. 343–360. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2019.03.009</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
  </ref-list>
 </back>
</article>
