Food Processing: Techniques and Technology Food Processing: Techniques and Technology Техника и технология пищевых производств 2074-9414 2313-1748 118085 10.21603/2074-9414-2026-1-2619 XDHTZS ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ ORIGINAL ARTICLE ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ Tree Leaves as Environmentally Friendly Preservatives: Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity Оценка антиоксидантной активности листьев деревьев для дальнейшего использования в качестве экологичных консервантов https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6627-2293 Варданян Луиза Размиковна Vardanyan Luiza R. luizavardanyan211@gmail.com https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4747-7778 Торосян Нвер Суренович Torosyan Nver S. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2145-2941 Оганесян Нелли Ремиковна Hovhannisyan Nelli R. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5121-8953 Торосян Гагик Оганесович Torosyan Gagik H. Горисский государственный университет Горис Армения Goris State University Goris Armenia Центр Эколого-ноосферных исследований НАН РА (Экоцентр ГНКО) Ереван Россия Center for Ecological and Noosphere Research of the Armenian National Academy of Sciences (Ecocenter SNCO) Yerevan Russian Federation Национальный политехнический университет Армении Ереван Армения National Polytechnic University of Armenia Yerevan Armenia Горисский государственный университет Горис Армения Goris State University Goris Armenia Научно-технологический центр органической и фармацевтической химии НАН РА Ереван Армения Scientific and Technological Center of Organic and Pharmaceutic al Chemistry, Armenian National Academy of Sciences Yerevan Armenia 30 03 2026 30 03 2026 56 1 16 25 29 05 2025 13 01 2026 https://fptt.ru/en/issues/24227/24235/

Окислительная порча свежих продуктов питания приводит к значительным экономическим потерям в пищевой промышленности. Активная упаковка с природными антиоксидантами представляет перспективную альтернативу синтетическим консервантам для продления срока хранения и обеспечения безопасности потребителей. Растущие регулятивные ограничения на синтетические антиоксиданты обусловливают необходимость разработки природных аналогов со статусом GRAS. Цель исследования – сравнительная оценка антиоксидантной активности экстрактов листьев древесных пород Республики Армения для применения в технологиях активной упаковки. Исследованы этилацетатные экстракты листьев Quercus robur, Q. iberica, Salix alba и Lycium barbarum, собранных в период полной вегетации на территории Республики Армения. Антиоксидантные свойства оценивали кинетическим методом окисления кумола с одновременным определением суммарного содержания антиоксидантов (f [InH]) и константы скорости реакции с пероксидными радикалами (k7). Метод позволяет провести комплексную характеристику механизмов антиоксидантного действия. Выход экстрактов варьировался от 3,4 ± 0,3 % (S. alba) до 6,8 ± 0,3 % (Q. iberica). Максимальное содержание антиоксидантов установлено для Q. iberica (1,34×10–4 моль/л). Наибольшую реакционную способность проявил экстракт S. alba (k7 = 1,01×105 л/моль·с). Пересчет в DPPH-эквиваленты показал активность 3,5–13,4 мкг/мл, сопоставимую с зеленым чаем (8–20 мкг/мл) и превосходящую многие фракции розмарина. Отсутствие корреляции между содержанием и активностью антиоксидантов обусловлено структурными различиями фенольных компонентов и их реакционными механизмами. Экстракты древесных пород Республики Армения демонстрируют высокую антиоксидантную активность при низкой стоимости сырья (5–10 долл./кг против 15–50 долл./кг коммерческих антиоксидантов), что обосновывает их применение как экономически эффективной и экологически устойчивой альтернативы импортным антиоксидантам для пищевой промышленности.

Oxidative spoilage of fresh food products results in significant economic losses in the food industry. Active packaging with natural antioxidants is a promising alternative to synthetic preservatives: it extends shelf life and provides consumer safety. The growing regulatory restrictions on synthetic antioxidants necessitate the development of natural analogs with GRAS status, i.e., generally recognized as safe. This study compared the antioxidant activities of different leaf extracts from Armenian tree species for active packaging prospects. Leaves of Quercus robur, Quercus iberica, Salix alba, and Lycium barbarum were collected during the full growing season in the Republic of Armenia. Their antioxidant properties were assessed using the kinetic method of cumene oxidation, which involved total antioxidant content (f [InH]) and the reaction rate constant with peroxide radicals (k7). This method provided a comprehensive description of the antioxidant mechanisms. The extract yields ranged from 3.4 ± 0.3% (S. alba) to 6.8 ± 0.3% (Q. iberica). The highest antioxidant content belonged to Q. iberica (1.34×10–4 mol/L) while the highest reactivity belonged to the S. alba extract (k7 = 1.01×105 L/mol·s). In DPPH equivalents, the antioxidant activity was 3.5–13.4 μg/mL, which was similar to that of green tea (8–20 μg/mL) and superior to rosemary fractions. The lack of correlation between the antioxidant content and the activity was due to the structural differences in the ph enolic components and their reaction mechanisms. The ethyl acetate extracts of Armenian wood species demonstrated high antioxidant activity at a low cost of raw materials ($5–10/kg vs. $15–50/kg of commercial antioxidants), which makes them a cost-effective and environmentally sustainable alternative to imported antioxidants.

 Антиоксидантны консерванты листья деревьев экстракты упаковка пероксидные радикалы фенольные соединения биоактивные вещества окисление агроотходы экологическая устойчивость Antioxidants preservatives leaves extracts packaging peroxide radicals phenolic compounds bioactive compounds oxidation agricultural waste environmental sustainability Работа финансировалась за счет средств бюджета Горисского государственного университета. Дополнительных грантов на проведение или руководство данным конкретным исследованием получено не было. The research was supported entirely from the budget of the Goris State University, Armenia.

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